Improvement in lamps



NITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

HERMAN Cr. MOEHRING, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF HIS RIGHT TO RUFUS S. MERRILL, WILLIAM B. MERRILL,

AND JOSHUA MERRILL, OF BOSTON, MASSACHUSETTS.

IMPROVEMENT lN LAMPS.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 159,700, dated February 9, 1875; application filed December 15, 1874.

To all whom it may concern:

' Be it known that I, HERMAN G. Monnnnve, of Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Lamps, of which the following is a specification:

This invention relates particularly to lamps for railway-cars but it will be understood that most, if not all, the features hereinafter described can be applied to lamps for other uses.

The lamp which is represented in the drawing in illustration of my invention is one intended to be let down into the body of the car or compartment through the roof or ceiling of the same, in this respect resembling car-lamps in use on European railways.

It is my object principally to so arrange the lamp that it shall burn in a perfectly still and undisturbed atmospheric medium, and at the same time receive all the air needed to properly support combustion for the production of an illuminating-flame. The manner in which this result is attained will be understood by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure l is a vertical central section of a lamp embodying my improvements. Figs. 2 and 3 are perspective views of detached parts hereinafter referred to.

A is the oil-reservoir, above which is the airchamber proper to of the lamp, formed, in this instance, by an inverted dished or cup-shaped cap, B, that fits onto the reservoir, as shown, and has a central externally-threaded tube, b, which screws into the internally-threaded collar c at the central opening into the reservoir. The cap 13 carries the wick-tube d, deflector e, and wick-adjuster f, of ordinary or suitable construction. The air-chamber proper of the lamp communicates with air ducts or tubes 0, which are attached to a flanged collar, D. The parts described above are represented in perspective in Fig. 3. The lamp, with its airducts and collar D, is set in a chamber, the lower part of which is formed by the bowlshaped glass shade E, whose flaring edge is supported by flange on the bottom of the me tallic cylinder F, that forms-the upper part of the chamber. Thiscylinder, at its top, has an enlarged part, F. When the lamp is let down into the chamber it is supported by the collar D, whose flange rests on the bottom of the enlarged part F of the casing, as seen in Fig. 1. Over the lamp, and within the casing F, is set a section, substantially such as shown in Fig. 2. This section consists of a chamber, Gr, with a central opening in its bottom, g, which opening is surrounded by a flange, g, constituting the seat of the removable chimney h. To this opening is applied, below the bottom of the chamber G, a reflector, H, with a central opening corresponding with the opening in the bottom of the chamber. The reflector is fast to the chamber. Openings corresponding with the air-ducts O are made in the bottom g and reflector H, so that when the chamber G is lowered within the collar D, as seen in Fig. l, the air-ducts will pass up through said open ings, their upper and open ends projecting up into the chamber G.

Under this arrangement it will be noted that the lamp is contained in a lower closed chamher, in which the air is kept still and undisturbed. The air to support combustion is taken from an upper independent air-supply chamber by air-ducts passing through the lower or intermediate chamber, and is then fed to the flame from the air-chamber proper of the lamp.

The bottom g is a partition, which divides the large chamber formed by the casing F and glass shade into two independent and distinct chambers. This partition, however, may be formed as well by the reflector H, and the bottom 9 could thus be dispensed with. In this case the chimneyseat would, of course, be carried by the reflector. The reflector not only serves to reflect the light downward through the glass shade, but it is an upper deflector or cone for intensifying or concentrating the draft, and thus assisting combustion.

The upper part of the wall of chamber G, when in position as seen in Fig. 1, extends up high enough to meet the under face of the cap or superstructure I, which covers the parts already described, and prevents entrance of disturbing currents, while allowing escape of air, 850. This upper part of the wall, therefore, forms a partition, through holes 1', in which partition is sifted the air that enters the chamber G. The enlarged part I" forms, in effect, an outer air-receptacle, into which the air enters through apertures j. Within chamber G, in front of the openings i, and overhanging the air-ducts G, is an air-deflecting flange, K. The superstructure orcap I fits down on the enlarged part F, as seen in Fig. 1. It is provided with air-admission passages k l, an air-deflecting flange, K, just above which is a shield or disk, m. The purpose of this arrangement is to produce an upward draft to discharge-passages n, located on the side and below the closed top of the cap, in the manner shown.

Having described my invention, and the manner in which the same is to be carried into effect, I would state in conclusion that I do not limit my claim to the specific details of construction herein shown and described, as the same may be varied to a great extent without departure from my invention; but

What I do claim, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. A lamp having a surrounding air chamber and air-ducts conveying air to the burner and flame from an upper and independent air chamber or reservoir located within the body of the lamp-structure, substantially as shown and described.

2. The combination of a lamp surrounding air-chamber composed of an upper reflector and a lower transparent shade with airsupply tubes arranged to convey air to the lamp, for the combustion of the oil, from without the said air-chamber, substantially as shown and described.

3. The combination, with an oil-lamp of otherwise ordinary or suitable construction, of a double or divided air-chamber and airducts, conveying the air from one through the other, and into a third separate and distinct air-chamber, whence the air is discharged against the flame under the deflector or chimney, substantially as shown and described.

4. The combination, with the air-supply chamber and the air-chamber proper of the lamp, of an intermediate air-chamber, under the arrangement and for operation as shown and described, so that While the air for the combustion of the lamp is supplied from without the lamp burns in a perfectly still and undisturbed atmospheric medium, substantially as set forth. V

5. In a railroad-car lamp or lamp intended to be used by being inserted through an opening in the roof or ceiling of a room or compartment, the air-supply chamber, constructed as a superstructure, and provided with internal air-deflecting flanges or surfaces overhanging the tubes conveying the air to the burner, sub stantially as set forth.

6. The combination, with a lamp suspended within a transparent shade, and provided with a reflector, of a partitiondividing the air-chainbcr into two separate air-chambers and airducts passing through said partition, substan tially as shown and described.

7. The combination, with a lamp suspended within a transparent shade, of a reflector which divides the air-chamber into two separate airchambers, as described, and air-ducts passing through said reflector, substantially as set forth.

8. The combination, with a lamp suspended within a transparent shade, and partition dividing the air-chamber, as described, of a flange constituting a chimney seat or gallery and a removable chimney, substantially as specified.

9. The combination, with a lamp suspended within a transparent shade, of the three airchambers, specified air-ducts, and a lamp-chimney, all substantially as shown and set forth.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto signed my name this 24th day of November, A. D. 1874:.

H. G. MOEHRING.

Witnesses:

ARTHUR R. SWAN, THEODORE M. PLIMPTON. 

